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Botany Question 12 – AP-EAMCET 2025

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Match the following List-IList-IIA) Glycosidic bondI) TrypsinB) Hollow woollen ball foldingII) Bond between phosphate and 5th carbon of sugarC) EnzymeIII) tertiary structure of proteinD) EsterbondIV) formed by dehydration

Recall the fundamental building blocks and the types of bonds that link them together in major biomolecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Step 1: Analyze List-I and List-II Terms✦ Active

First, understand each term provided in List-I and List-II. List-I contains biological terms: Glycosidic bond, Hollow woollen ball folding, Enzyme, and Esterbond. List-II contains descriptions or examples related to these terms: Trypsin, Bond between phosphate and 5th carbon of sugar, tertiary structure of protein, and formed by dehydration.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Ensure you have a clear understanding of the basic definitions and functions of these biomolecules and their components.

Step 2: Match 'Glycosidic bond'○ Expand

A glycosidic bond is a type of covalent bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate. These bonds are typically formed through a dehydration reaction (removal of a water molecule). Therefore, 'A) Glycosidic bond' matches with 'IV) formed by dehydration'.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Remember that many polymerization reactions in biology, like forming disaccharides or polysaccharides, involve dehydration synthesis.

Step 3: Match 'Hollow woollen ball folding'○ Expand

The phrase 'Hollow woollen ball folding' is a descriptive analogy for the complex, compact three-dimensional structure of a protein. This level of protein organization is known as the tertiary structure, which involves interactions between R-groups of amino acids. Therefore, 'B) Hollow woollen ball folding' matches with 'III) tertiary structure of protein'.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Recall the four levels of protein structure: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. The tertiary structure defines the overall 3D shape of a single polypeptide chain.

Step 4: Match 'Enzyme'○ Expand

Enzymes are biological catalysts, typically proteins, that speed up biochemical reactions. Trypsin is a well-known proteolytic enzyme that breaks down proteins in the digestive system. Therefore, 'C) Enzyme' matches with 'I) Trypsin'.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Trypsin is a classic example of a digestive enzyme, often studied in introductory biology and biochemistry.

Step 5: Match 'Esterbond' and Verify○ Expand

An ester bond is formed between an alcohol (hydroxyl group) and a carboxylic acid. In the context of biomolecules, a phosphodiester bond in nucleic acids involves an ester linkage between a phosphate group and the hydroxyl group of a sugar. Specifically, the bond between the phosphate group and the 5th carbon of the sugar (deoxyribose or ribose) is an ester bond. Therefore, 'D) Esterbond' matches with 'II) Bond between phosphate and 5th carbon of sugar'.

Combining all the matches: A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II. This corresponds to option 2.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Phosphodiester bonds are crucial for the backbone structure of DNA and RNA. They involve two ester linkages, one at the 5th carbon and one at the 3rd carbon of adjacent sugars.

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