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Chemistry Question 72 – NEET-UG 2023

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Select the correct statements from the following : A. Atoms of all elements are composed of two fundamental particles. B. The mass of the electron is 9.10939×10−31 kg. C. All the isotopes of a given element show same chemical properties. D. Protons and electrons are collectively known as nucleons. E. Dalton's atomic theory, regarded the atom as an ultimate particle of matter. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Recall the basic constituents of an atom (protons, neutrons, electrons) and the historical development of atomic theories, specifically Dalton's model.

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Ninja Strategy•Statement-by-Statement Verification

Quickly verify the truthfulness of each individual statement (A-E) and then select the option that correctly groups all true statements.

Step 1: Evaluate Statements A and D✦ Active

Statement A: "Atoms of all elements are composed of two fundamental particles." This is incorrect. Atoms are composed of three fundamental particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. While some atoms (like protium, 1H) lack neutrons, the general statement for "all elements" is false.

Statement D: "Protons and electrons are collectively known as nucleons." This is incorrect. Nucleons are protons and neutrons, which reside in the nucleus. Electrons are not nucleons.

Step 2: Evaluate Statements B, C, and E○ Expand

Statement B: "The mass of the electron is 9.10939×10−31 kg." This is the correct and accepted value for the mass of an electron. Thus, statement B is correct.

Statement C: "All the isotopes of a given element show same chemical properties." Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons and electrons, which determine their chemical properties. Thus, statement C is correct.

Statement E: "Dalton's atomic theory, regarded the atom as an ultimate particle of matter." Dalton's theory proposed that atoms are indivisible and indestructible, representing the smallest units of matter. Thus, statement E is correct in the context of Dalton's theory.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Remember that Dalton's theory was a foundational model, and while later discoveries showed atoms are divisible, the statement accurately reflects his original postulate.

Step 3: Identify the Correct Combination○ Expand

From the evaluation, statements B, C, and E are correct. We need to find the option that includes only these correct statements.

Option (1) A, B and C only (Incorrect, A is wrong) Option (2) C, D and E only (Incorrect, D is wrong) Option (3) A and E only (Incorrect, A is wrong) Option (4) B, C and E only (Correct)

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