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Chemistry Question 57 – JEE-MAIN 2025

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Given below are two statements: Statement I : A catalyst cannot alter the equilibrium constant (Kc) of the reaction, temperature remaining constant. Statement II : A homogenous catalyst can change the equilibrium composition of a system, temperature remaining constant. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

Understand the fundamental function of a catalyst in a reversible reaction and its effect on reaction rates.

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Ninja Strategy•Catalyst's Effect on Equilibrium

A catalyst only affects the rate of reaction, not the equilibrium constant or the equilibrium composition.

Step 1: Analyze Statement I✦ Active

A catalyst increases the rate of both forward and reverse reactions equally, thus helping the system reach equilibrium faster. However, it does not change the equilibrium constant (Kc), which is solely dependent on temperature. Since the temperature remains constant, Kc is unaltered. Thus, Statement I is true.

Step 2: Analyze Statement II○ Expand

A catalyst, whether homogeneous or heterogeneous, does not shift the position of equilibrium. This means it does not change the equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products, i.e., the equilibrium composition. If it did, it would imply a change in the equilibrium constant, which is contrary to the definition of a catalyst's action. Thus, Statement II is false.

Step 3: Conclusion○ Expand

Based on the analysis, Statement I is true and Statement II is false. This corresponds to option 3.

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