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Physics Question 26 – JEE-MAIN 2026

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In a Vernier calipers, when both jaws touch each other, zero of the Vernier scale is shifted to the right of zero of the main scale and 7th Vernier division coincides with a main scale reading. If the value of 1 main scale division is 1 mm and there are 10 Vernier scale divisions, then the Vernier caliper has

Determine whether the zero error is positive or negative based on the position of the Vernier scale zero relative to the main scale zero.

Step 1: Determine the type of zero error✦ Active

When the jaws touch each other, if the zero of the Vernier scale is shifted to the right of the zero of the main scale, it indicates a positive zero error.

Step 2: Calculate the Least Count (LC)○ Expand

Given that 1 Main Scale Division (MSD) = 1 mm and there are 10 Vernier Scale Divisions (VSD). The Least Count (LC) is calculated as:

LC=1 MSDNumber of VSD=1 mm10=0.1 mm
Step 3: Calculate the magnitude of the zero error and convert units○ Expand

The 7th Vernier division coincides with a main scale reading, so the Vernier coincidence is 7. The zero error (ZE) is:

ZE=+(Vernier coincidence)×LC

Substituting the values:

ZE=+7×0.1 mm=+0.7 mm

Converting the zero error from millimeters to centimeters:

ZE=+0.7 mm×1 cm10 mm=+0.07 cm

Thus, the Vernier caliper has a 0.07 cm positive zero error.

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