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Zoology Question 45 – AP-EAMCET 2025

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Neurilemma around axon of a neuron is formed by

Recall the basic structure of a neuron, including the axon, and the supporting cells that surround it.

Step 1: Identify the components of a neuron and its coverings✦ Active

A neuron consists of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. The axon is often covered by a myelin sheath, which provides insulation and speeds up nerve impulse transmission. The question specifically asks about the neurilemma around the axon.

Step 2: Recall the function of different types of glial cells○ Expand

Glial cells are supporting cells in the nervous system. Schwann cells are found in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and are responsible for myelinating axons. Oligodendrocytes perform a similar function in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Ependymal cells line the fluid-filled cavities of the brain and spinal cord, and microglial cells act as immune cells in the CNS.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Remember the distinction between PNS and CNS glial cells for myelination.

Step 3: Determine which cell forms the neurilemma○ Expand

The myelin sheath in the PNS is formed by Schwann cells. The neurilemma, also known as the neurolemma, is the outermost layer of the myelin sheath, which consists of the cytoplasm and nucleus of the Schwann cell. It is essential for the regeneration of damaged peripheral nerves.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

The neurilemma is a key feature of Schwann cells, distinguishing them from oligodendrocytes in terms of myelin sheath structure.

Step 4: Conclude the correct option○ Expand

Based on the roles of different glial cells, Schwann cells are responsible for forming the myelin sheath and, specifically, the neurilemma around the axons in the peripheral nervous system.

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