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Maths Question 5 – JEE-MAIN 2025

If the sum of the first 20 terms of the series 4⋅14+3⋅12+14+4⋅24+3⋅22+24+4⋅34+3⋅32+34+4⋅44+3⋅42+44+… is mn, where m and n are coprime, then m+n is equal to :

Examine the general term of the series to identify its structure and potential for simplification.

Step 1: Simplify the general term✦ Active

The general term of the series is Tk=4k4+3k2+k4. The denominator can be factored by completing the square:

k4+3k2+4=(k4+4k2+4)−k2=(k2+2)2−k2=(k2−k+2)(k2+k+2)

So, the general term becomes:

Tk=4k(k2−k+2)(k2+k+2)
Step 2: Express Tk as a difference of two terms (telescopic form)○ Expand

Let A=k2−k+2 and B=k2+k+2. Notice that B−A=(k2+k+2)−(k2−k+2)=2k. The numerator is 4k=2(2k)=2(B−A). Thus, Tk can be written as:

Tk=2(B−A)AB=2(1A−1B)=2(1k2−k+2−1k2+k+2)

Let f(k)=1k2−k+2. Then f(k+1)=1(k+1)2−(k+1)+2=1k2+2k+1−k−1+2=1k2+k+2. Therefore, Tk=2(f(k)−f(k+1)). This is a telescopic form.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Recognizing the difference of terms in the numerator is key to forming a telescopic series.

Step 3: Calculate the sum and find m+n○ Expand

The sum of the first 20 terms is S20=∑k=120Tk=∑k=1202(f(k)−f(k+1)). This is a telescopic sum, so:

S20=2(f(1)−f(21))

Calculate f(1) and f(21):

f(1)=112−1+2=12 f(21)=1212−21+2=1441−21+2=1422

Substitute these values into the sum:

S20=2(12−1422)=2(211−1422)=2(210422)=420422=210211

The sum is mn=210211. Since 211 is a prime number, m=210 and n=211 are coprime. We need to find m+n:

m+n=210+211=421
💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Ensure the final fraction is in its simplest form to correctly identify coprime m and n.

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