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Chemistry Question 62 – JEE-MAIN 2026

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Given below are two statements: Statement I: Each electron in eg orbitals destabilizes the orbitals by +0.6Δo and each electron in the t2g orbitals stabilizes the orbitals by −0.4Δo in an octahedral field on the basis of crystal field theory. Statement II: All the d - orbitals of the transition metals have the same energy in their free atomic state but when a complex is formed the ligands destroy the degeneracy of these orbitals on the basis of crystal field theory. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

Recall the fundamental principles of Crystal Field Theory (CFT) regarding the splitting of d-orbitals in transition metal complexes.

Step 1: Analyze Statement I (Crystal Field Splitting)✦ Active

Statement I describes the energy changes for electrons in eg and t2g orbitals in an octahedral field according to Crystal Field Theory (CFT). In an octahedral field, the eg orbitals are destabilized by +0.6Δo per electron, and the t2g orbitals are stabilized by −0.4Δo per electron. This statement is factually correct based on CFT principles.

Step 2: Analyze Statement II (Degeneracy of d-orbitals)○ Expand

Statement II discusses the degeneracy of d-orbitals. In a free (gaseous) transition metal ion, all five d-orbitals are degenerate (have the same energy). When ligands approach to form a complex, the electrostatic interaction causes the d-orbitals to split into different energy levels, thus destroying their degeneracy. This is a fundamental concept of Crystal Field Theory. This statement is also factually correct.

Step 3: Conclusion○ Expand

Since both Statement I and Statement II are correct descriptions of concepts within Crystal Field Theory, the correct option is the one that states both statements are correct.

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