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Botany Question 17 – AP-EAMCET 2025

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Identify the plants with the following characters in a sequence. A) Annual plants found in dry weather B) Submerged in water without rooted in mud C) No contact with soil, present on surface of water D) Perennial plants to withstand prolonged drought conditions

Understand the different types of plant adaptations to their environment, such as xerophytes (dry conditions) and hydrophytes (aquatic conditions), and their specific characteristics.

Step 1: Analyze the Characteristics of Each Plant Type✦ Active

Let's break down the characteristics provided for each plant type:

A) Annual plants found in dry weather: These are ephemeral xerophytes that complete their life cycle quickly during brief wet periods in arid regions. An example is Tribulus.

B) Submerged in water without rooted in mud: These are free-floating submerged hydrophytes. They are completely immersed in water and not anchored to the substrate. An example is Utricularia.

C) No contact with soil, present on surface of water: These are free-floating hydrophytes. They float on the water surface and are not rooted in the soil. An example is Salvinia.

D) Perennial plants to withstand prolonged drought conditions: These are perennial xerophytes, often with deep root systems or succulent parts, that can survive long periods of water scarcity. An example is Casuarina.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Remember that plant adaptations are specific to their environment. For instance, hydrophytes are adapted to water, while xerophytes are adapted to dry conditions.

Step 2: Evaluate Option 1: Tribulus, Utricularia, Vallisneria, Casuarina○ Expand

Let's check if the plants in Option 1 match the sequence of characteristics:

A) Tribulus: Matches (annual, dry weather).

B) Utricularia: Matches (submerged, unrooted).

C) Vallisneria: Does NOT match. Vallisneria is a submerged, *rooted* hydrophyte, not a surface-floating plant without soil contact.

D) Casuarina: Matches (perennial, drought resistant).

Since Vallisneria does not fit the third characteristic, Option 1 is incorrect.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Pay close attention to the specific details of each characteristic, such as 'rooted' vs. 'unrooted' or 'submerged' vs. 'surface'.

Step 3: Evaluate Option 2: Casuarina, Salvinia, Hydrilla, Tribulus○ Expand

Let's check Option 2:

A) Casuarina: Does NOT match. Casuarina is a perennial plant, not an annual plant found in dry weather.

Since the first plant does not fit the first characteristic, Option 2 is incorrect.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

If the first element in the sequence doesn't match, you can often quickly rule out the entire option.

Step 4: Evaluate Option 3: Tribulus, Utricularia, Salvinia, Casuarina○ Expand

Let's check Option 3:

A) Tribulus: Matches (annual, dry weather).

B) Utricularia: Matches (submerged, unrooted).

C) Salvinia: Matches (no soil contact, surface of water).

D) Casuarina: Matches (perennial, drought resistant).

All plants in Option 3 correctly match the characteristics in the given sequence.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

This option seems correct. It's good practice to quickly verify other options if time permits, but if you're confident, move on.

Step 5: Evaluate Option 4: Utricularia, Salvinia, Tribulus, Asparagus○ Expand

Let's check Option 4:

A) Utricularia: Does NOT match. Utricularia is an aquatic plant, not an annual plant found in dry weather.

Since the first plant does not fit the first characteristic, Option 4 is incorrect.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Knowing common examples of plants for different ecological groups (hydrophytes, xerophytes, mesophytes) is crucial for such questions.

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