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Maths Question 12 – JEE-MAIN 2026

Let α=3sin−1⁡(611) and β=3cos−1⁡(49), where inverse trigonometric functions take only the principal values. Given below are two statements : Statement I: cos⁡(α+β)>0. Statement II: cos⁡(α)<0. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

First, find the principal value ranges for sin−1⁡(x) and cos−1⁡(x), then use the given expressions for α and β to determine the quadrants in which α and β lie.

Step 1: Determine the Quadrants of α and β✦ Active

Let x=sin−1⁡(611). Since 0<611<1, x∈(0,π2). We know sin⁡(π6)=0.5 and sin⁡(π4)=22≈0.707. Since 0.5<611≈0.545<0.707, we have π6<x<π4. Thus, α=3x∈(3π6,3π4)=(π2,3π4). This means α lies in the second quadrant.

Let y=cos−1⁡(49). Since 0<49<1, y∈(0,π2). We know cos⁡(π3)=0.5 and cos⁡(π2)=0. Since 0<49≈0.444<0.5, we have π3<y<π2. Thus, β=3y∈(3π3,3π2)=(π,3π2). This means β lies in the third quadrant.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Remember the principal value ranges for inverse trigonometric functions: sin−1⁡(x)∈[−π/2,π/2] and cos−1⁡(x)∈[0,π].

Step 2: Evaluate Statement II: cos⁡(α)<0○ Expand

From Step 1, we found that α∈(π2,3π4), which is in the second quadrant. In the second quadrant, the cosine function is negative. Therefore, cos⁡(α)<0. Statement II is true.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

Recall the signs of trigonometric functions in different quadrants.

Step 3: Evaluate Statement I: cos⁡(α+β)>0○ Expand

From Step 1, we have π2<α<3π4 and π<β<3π2. Adding these inequalities, we get:

π2+π<α+β<3π4+3π2 3π2<α+β<3π4+6π4 3π2<α+β<9π4

The interval (3π2,9π4) can be rewritten as (3π2,2π+π4). This means α+β lies in the fourth quadrant (where cos is positive) or the first quadrant (where cos is positive) after one full rotation. Specifically, if α+β∈(3π2,2π), cos⁡(α+β)>0. If α+β∈(2π,9π4), then cos⁡(α+β)=cos⁡(α+β−2π), and α+β−2π∈(0,π4), so cos⁡(α+β)>0. In either case, cos⁡(α+β)>0. Statement I is true.

To be more rigorous, let's check if α+β crosses 2π. We need to compare x+y with 2π/3. We have sin⁡x=6/11 and cos⁡y=4/9. Then cos⁡x=1−(6/11)2=8511 and sin⁡y=1−(4/9)2=659. cos⁡(x+y)=cos⁡xcos⁡y−sin⁡xsin⁡y=8511⋅49−611⋅659=485−66599. We compare this with cos⁡(2π/3)=−1/2. Numerically, 485≈4×9.219=36.876 and 665≈6×8.062=48.372. So, cos⁡(x+y)≈36.876−48.37299=−11.49699≈−0.116. Since −0.116>−0.5, we have cos⁡(x+y)>cos⁡(2π/3). As x+y∈(π2,5π6) and cos is decreasing in this interval, x+y<2π3. Multiplying by 3, we get 3(x+y)<2π, so α+β<2π. Combined with α+β>3π2, we have 3π2<α+β<2π. This interval is strictly in the fourth quadrant, where cos⁡(α+β)>0. Thus, Statement I is true.

💡 Teacher's Secret Hint

When comparing values like cos⁡(x+y) with a known value, it's often easier to compare the numerical values or use the monotonicity of the cosine function in the relevant interval.

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